http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/01fs/14906.htm
Quote:
Saddam Hussein's Defiance of United Nations Resolutions
Saddam Hussein has repeatedly violated seventeen United Nations Security Council Resolutions (UNSCRs) designed to ensure that Iraq does not pose a threat to international peace and security. In addition to these repeated violations, he has tried, over the past decade, to circumvent UN economic sanctions against Iraq, which are reflected in a number of other resolutions. As noted in the resolutions, Saddam Hussein was required to fulfill many obligations beyond the withdrawal of Iraqi forces from Kuwait. Specifically, Saddam Hussein was required to, among other things: allow international weapons inspectors to oversee the destruction of his weapons of mass destruction; not develop new weapons of mass destruction; destroy all of his ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150 kilometers; stop support for terrorism and prevent terrorist organizations from operating within Iraq; help account for missing Kuwaitis and other individuals; return stolen Kuwaiti property and bear financial liability for damage from the Gulf War; and he was required to end his repression of the Iraqi people. Saddam Hussein has repeatedly violated each of the following resolutions:
See the link for the 'resolutions' he violated if you need a reminder.
(sorry .. long post but, be thankful, I don't post often any more, so please bear with me!)
I believe that Bush thought he was a consummate politician - he gave reasons for what he thought must be done. He gave reasons he thought the American people might accept and back, not perhaps what were the real reasons. In his mind, the issue was go or no go, be involved or not be involved - and he voted 'go' and 'be involved' and then engineered politically how to get to there. Rightly or wrongly, he was doing exactly as he felt his mandate, his personality and his American immersion 'programming' had taught him to do.
In addition, he had to make his decisions in the light of 9/11 and during his first short while in the Presidency while still getting his feet wet. We went to Afghanistan. We aren't doing so much better there either, but, few screamed when he thought we needed to do that. He thought the people would understand - and some did. But, he was already on a 'roll' that was somewhat predetermined by 9/11 - an event apparently not foreseen by any President.
People ultimately voted to be involved but were (as the government hoped) not smart enough to look beyond the stated reasons in making their personal decisions about the 'invasion' (don't call it a war unless you know something I don't - as far as I know it was never actually declared a 'war', was it?). I think, in retrospect, we can lay some blame for these subsequent events to a great extent on some, perhaps even many, of the American people, not the President, because a) some of us saw what was really happening (through the political fog that was being intentionally created for the above reasons) and never held him to the WMD thing as being the real reason for going to Iraq or called it a 'lie' when what people thought they heard him talk about was never found and b) I think many people always wanted Bush to be 'wrong' so they would have a way to put him down and bitchslap him forever and ever.
Conundrum - is the only way to be a great President to be quiet and try to appease all the American peoples, never taking a real stand on any issue, just trying to get through one's Presidency by making few decisions of any criticality and never looking outside of the country at how the world is influencing the future of this one, or vice versa? I think Bush did one of the latter - unfortunately, he was not able or capable of taking care of the other at the same time and his time more or less has probably run out to do both (especially since doing one has probably worsened the other).
In actuality, I think the decision to send a blockade to sit outside Iraq inevitably lead to the decision to invade and was not really a 'con job' to get us to invade but it turned out to look that way in the end - and should have been better anticipated. It was the really critical initial decision - and I don't remember (feel free to correct me if you like) many people saying 'go look but don't touch' was a bad decision.
I believe the reaons the invasion was inevitably necessary (or Bush thought it was necessary) once we had the blockade in place was entirely about local (to the US) politics - the blockade accomplished nadda and cost a fortune (a fact that the media reminded us of hourly), so do you pull back and slink home having spent a lot of money and having already made the situation worse, not better - or do you go in and hope to do a quick and dirty 'I told you so'? If any decision was wrong, it was the one to blockade - but it was an understandable decision at the time given how most of us think in our part of the world.
Saddam just didn't kowtow on queue and left us looking like idiots, idiots without the humility to retreat and try another strategy - that was Saddam's plan and it worked! We didn't anticipate Saddam well enough though - because, in our ken, people should bow and apologize and behave when so chastised. We westerners just don't understand these people - and we need to 'get that' we may never understand their 'logic' and 'intent' and act accordingly.
The way it looks to me is that he chose the latter route rather than to be criticized harshly for spending the public bucks on something that failed to positively 'influence' Saddam's behavior any more than UN resolutions had. He had hoped that he would be able to accomplish the deed (of getting rid of Saddam) quickly and that the world would rally to help the Iraqis. He misjudged the influence that Saddam's money had on some key countries and failed to get their assistance when it counted most. Deeper and deeper into trouble we went - but, we were stuck then. All decisions after that had to be based on what had gone before - as they do now when we are so far in the muck we can barely keep our noses open. He also misjudged how some countries believe they should act in this world to protect their own people, with some humility and by keeping a fairly low profile - because America just doesn't operate that way and can't quite believe that that is a good strategy. Some countries however stuck to their guns on that one.
Therein, in an understandable, and probably even historically forgiveable, comedy of errors lay the cascade of 'mistakes' that has led us to today.
We were not really prepared for what was to come and how long it would all last and how much different the problem now would be from the problem that appeared to be the issue back at the time we invaded, but, I doubt any President would have gotten any more right than Bush did. We'll never know though, will we? But, I believe, warts and all, when one looks at events through the eyes and eyes of those who initiated them, decisions were always based on good intent even if they do not look that way now, to some people, and even if they may seem to be/have been the wrong decisions.
At any rate, whatever he told the people to get their 'approval' didn't make him wrong about going into Iraq ... just unfortunately wrong about whether he could accomplish his goal quickly enough that the American people would not rebel against the initial decision.
I am certain that no matter what he/we had done - go in, not go in, work fast and get out, work slowly, whatever - criticism of whatever action or inaction would have arisen from the other party and from the people and been just as virulent as it is today. That is the American 'way'! We have the 'right to criticize' (read the fine print) and so we do. We don't really care whether we are right or wrong ... we just care that we have the right to try to find fault in anything or anyone except we ourselves (personally) do.
It is our true national sport. And, we play it with great disdain and impatience - our national virtues.
America is really in a no-win situation now (globally and at home), but, it was that way before the Iraq 'invasion' and it would have been so whether we had gone in or not.
With the exception of those with extremist Muslim views and their followers (their logic is very different from the following, though they will also use this logic too if they can to advantage) ... how America and Americas are perceived around the world is the compound result of American egos being spread about the world for at least the past 40 years (hence MANY presidents are responsible, each in part for deepening the 'perceptions' of America the all 'powerful' - and everyone who voted for any of those presidents is also responsible) - as well as the result of the entire western world (including America) not quite getting that some people hate just because they hate. That latter fact is not anything we can influence or change but is everything we need to be aware of and protect ourselves against.
Our 'pc-ness' is going to lead to our destruction as a viably sovereign country in time if we don't get a firm grasp on reality and stop just blaming everyone and everything else for our lack of cohesiveness and understanding of these realities. Bush actually got part of that I think and see where it has gotten him with the American people. So much for 'free speech' and the democratic way. LOL
His mistakes were really probably in not understanding the real threats of this conflict - that these people are so ethnically different that only a dictator-like government can control them for the time being, and, as I mentioned above, that we cannot ever underestimate the energy and resources of those who hate for hate's sake - which, though he was cognizant of those, he did very much underestimate in that regard. He also underestimated America's real power in the world in today's world of global avarice and economic protectionism - hmmm funny how that goes when egos interfere, isn't it.
Democracy as we have here in the US is not necessarily or immediately a good model for everywhere else (I have my own views on whether it is a good model for any country to be honest but that is neither here nor there right now). It is at least not a good system for those not yet ready for it and the people of the Middle East are NOT ready. What should have been done was probably to put a 'benevolent' dictator in place. But, we/that dictator would still be dealing with the ethnicity issues (and who among the Iraqis is qualified to hold that post by 'lack of ethnic attachment' anyway?) and the 'we hate you' issues - and we would still be trying to help them out, but perhaps we would be able to, in a more 'controlled environment' where the average citizen in Iraq is kept at bay and not allowed to take sides till the din dies down, have been able to make more progress at less cost. Who knows - hindsight is always 20/20.
At any rate, I think we have to learn that we are not always right! Until we have some humility, we are doomed to always be perceived the way we are perceived today and have been for many years, under many Presidents. We will not win new friends with this attitude. Some friends are not worth having anyway ... but some are, and some are better models for how to coexist in a turbulent world than we are!
On the other hand, our Presidents are human. They, like every one of us, make mistakes. The proof of a good president is not apparent in easy times. The proof of a good president will rarely or ever be seen for many years after they leave office. The proof of a bad president however is very often revealed by his/her morality and integrity (or lack thereof) imho - and that can often be seen during their presidency. The rest remains to be seen only in context from a distant viewpoint. The proof of any presidency's rightness or wrongness, in general or in connection with any particular decision during his/her term of ofice, will always also be skewed by the views and experience of the people making these evaluations. Most presidents do the best they can with what they have, but, they function from within their own microcosm of reality, as do most of us when faced with a task.
Most presidents also don't have a frigging clue about what it is like to be an average citizen - or if they ever did, they forget pretty darned soon after getting into the political arena. Bush, like probably every President before him in the past 200 years and every President after him for the foreseeable future, has this failing. They govern average citizens but are not of that genre. What do you expect? LOL
So, now the 'people' have taken the really major decisions about Iraq (his apparently sole defining 'achievement) out of the hands of the President. Whatever happens now (and god, I have no clue what should or shouldn't happen), history judge Bush down the road on either his lack of ability to keep the decision-making power in the Presidency or his good fortune in not being able to do so. LOL again ... if we weren't living in this drama, it might be very, very hilarious to look at from the outside.
Anyway, good luck in trying to determine (in your lifetimes) if Bush was really a good or terrible president or if that even matters at all in the grand scheme of things.